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Determination of Pb sources in small catchment using Pb isotopes.
Krajíčková, Michaela ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Strnad, Ladislav (referee)
The contents and isotopic composition of lead (Pb) were studied in a small forested catchment Lesní potok. The catchment is located 30 km southeast from Prague near Jevany. Monitoring inputs and outputs in GEOMON, a network of small forested catchments in the territory of the Czech Republic, has been coordinated by the Czech Geological Survey since 1994. It was analyzed litter of spruce and beech, collected between 2013 and 2014, and an archival sample litter of spruce from 1997. Lead in soil was studied at two profiles cambisols in each diagnostic horizons. Samples of profile LP 38 were collected in 2005, the LP 39 a year later. Surface water and bulk precipitation were sampled monthly for one hydrological year 2013. The ICP-MS method was used to determine the concentration and isotope ratios of lead. To determine of sources Pb were used isotope ratios 206 Pb/207 Pb and 208 Pb/206 Pb. In spruce litter (3,87 mg.kg-1 ) was measured average Pb concentration higher than beech (0,98 mg.kg-1 ). Topsoil horizons contain elevated concentrations of Pb (up to 100,70 mg.kg-1 ) decreasing towards the deeper horizons. The Pb concentration in the soil was 61,28 mg.kg-1 . Bulk precipitation in with average Pb concentrations206 Pb/207 Pb = 0.87 µg.l-1 contained more Pb than surface water 206 Pb/207 Pb = 0.50 µg.l-1 ....
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Trace elements and Pb isotopes in selected bone samples
Bartoš, Jan ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Strnad, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of this work is briefly summarize the current theoretical knowledge about trace elements and their inputs into calcified body tissues in a form of search. Here are described mechanisms of their inputs and depositing into human body and principles, which allows maintenance of their optimal levels. In this paper are also described the properties of bones and teeth and simply explained concepts such as an essential and toxic trace elements. The next part of this work is mainly about trace elements, which have the biggest potential to be used in an archeological research, particularly in paleodietary research. These elements are mainly Sr, Ba and Zn. Lead and its isotopes are discussed more here in relation to the effect of Pb to Romans in the past and to the identifying sources of pollution by this element. In the same chapter are also described principles of post-mortem alteration processes, to which are bones after burial exposed and which they have to face during analyzing and interpretations of data related to the amount of trace elements in origin bones.
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Determination of Pb sources in small catchment using Pb isotopes.
Krajíčková, Michaela ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Strnad, Ladislav (referee)
The contents and isotopic composition of lead (Pb) were studied in a small forested catchment Lesní potok. The catchment is located 30 km southeast from Prague near Jevany. Monitoring inputs and outputs in GEOMON, a network of small forested catchments in the territory of the Czech Republic, has been coordinated by the Czech Geological Survey since 1994. It was analyzed litter of spruce and beech, collected between 2013 and 2014, and an archival sample litter of spruce from 1997. Lead in soil was studied at two profiles cambisols in each diagnostic horizons. Samples of profile LP 38 were collected in 2005, the LP 39 a year later. Surface water and bulk precipitation were sampled monthly for one hydrological year 2013. The ICP-MS method was used to determine the concentration and isotope ratios of lead. To determine of sources Pb were used isotope ratios 206 Pb/207 Pb and 208 Pb/206 Pb. In spruce litter (3,87 mg.kg-1 ) was measured average Pb concentration higher than beech (0,98 mg.kg-1 ). Topsoil horizons contain elevated concentrations of Pb (up to 100,70 mg.kg-1 ) decreasing towards the deeper horizons. The Pb concentration in the soil was 61,28 mg.kg-1 . Bulk precipitation in with average Pb concentrations206 Pb/207 Pb = 0.87 µg.l-1 contained more Pb than surface water 206 Pb/207 Pb = 0.50 µg.l-1 ....
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Geochemical and isotopic dating of floodplain sediments
Nováková, Tereza ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Borůvka, Luboš (referee) ; Rohovec, Jan (referee)
River systems are the most widespread sedimentary environment in many European countries and can be hence used for study of historical development of contamination and for evaluation of the anthropogenic impact influence at the local or regional level. The study of river sediments, however, is complicated by changes of channel morphology and sedimentation dynamics and redeposition of old sediments, whether caused naturally (flood events) or by human impact (land use changes or building of water management structures), which leads to deposition of various sedimentary facies. Identification of sedimentary facies within floodplain fill is hence necessary - character (lithology) of deposited facies influences the spatial distribution of pollutants within floodplains. Suitable sampling sites strategy and chemostratigraphic correlations of depth profiles guarantee a correct interpretation of obtained data. However, in many countries, there are still no legislative tools or universal methodology for contamination assessment respecting natural variability of sedimentary records. Regional contamination during the last centuries and identification of local pollution sources of risk elements (Pb , Zn , Cu , ...) and magnetic particles have been studied in the sediments of the Morava River, in the area between...
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Trace elements and Pb isotopes in selected bone samples
Bartoš, Jan ; Mihaljevič, Martin (advisor) ; Strnad, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of this work is briefly summarize the current theoretical knowledge about trace elements and their inputs into calcified body tissues in a form of search. Here are described mechanisms of their inputs and depositing into human body and principles, which allows maintenance of their optimal levels. In this paper are also described the properties of bones and teeth and simply explained concepts such as an essential and toxic trace elements. The next part of this work is mainly about trace elements, which have the biggest potential to be used in an archeological research, particularly in paleodietary research. These elements are mainly Sr, Ba and Zn. Lead and its isotopes are discussed more here in relation to the effect of Pb to Romans in the past and to the identifying sources of pollution by this element. In the same chapter are also described principles of post-mortem alteration processes, to which are bones after burial exposed and which they have to face during analyzing and interpretations of data related to the amount of trace elements in origin bones.
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